60+ CE The Roman empire begins persecuting Christians because they did not accept the divinity of the emperor. The geography of a place often plays a big role in influencing the growth of settlements in the place. Rome's location, being loosely in the center of the Mediterranean area, gave it the ability to expand in all four directions, which it did. Rome was just one of many city-states of the Latin people located in modern day central Italy and, in many ways, was not dissimilar to the fractured civilization of the Greeks. During this time the government was led by an emperor. The seven hills protected Rome. The climate of Rome also helped the people of the city. Roman ships could sail to other lands surrounding Mediterranean helped in conquering new territories, developing trade routes Alps, Apennines mountains protected Rome, but did not isolate it. They did not do this but chose to be martyrs instead. The Latin peoples fought amongst themselves just as the Greeks had done. The second period was the Roman Empire which lasted from 27 BC to 476 AD (Western Roman Empire). They can also allow Since the Byzantine Empire was once Roman territory, Romans had already accustomed to Roman’s methods, ways and the culture itself. Roman Republic The story of Romulus and Remus is just a legend, but Rome’s mighty empire did grow from what was little more than a village in the 8th century BC or even earlier. Oceans and seas can allow certain industries, like fishing and trade, to thrive and benefit a society economically. This fact is no different for Rome where the geography of Rome affected its expansion in a major way. The government was run by elected officials. In order to get out of being killed, all that they had to do was to say that the emperor was a god. helped to protect Rome from outside attacks. Roman society benefited from the hard work and discipline of Roman farmers. Romeʼs geography encouraged the growth of Roman civilization. Like many other ancient civilizations, the agricultural system of ancient Rome was supported by the presence of a major river. How did Rome’s geography help it to prosper? Ancient Rome - Ancient Rome - Culture and religion: Expansion brought Rome into contact with many diverse cultures. Rome fought 3 bitter wars with Carthage and defeated the Carthaginians in every one, which led to Rome inheriting the vast ‘Punic’ empire of Carthage. During this time there was no single leader of Rome. Christian, Greek, and Roman influenced their religion. The mild climate enabled Romans to grow wheat, grapes, and olives. This climate made it possible for the region to develop a strong agricultural base. The Tiber provided a reliable source of fresh water which the Romans used for irrigating their farms, as well as drinking water for humans and animals. Thousands are killed during gladiator games and fed to wild animals. In the 6th century BC Rome was subservient to the Etruscans, part of a Latin League of city states that operated as loose federation, cooperating on some matters, independent on others. The most important of these was the Greek culture in the eastern Mediterranean with its highly refined literature and learning. Rome responded to it with ambivalence: although Greek doctrina was attractive, it was also the culture of the defeated and enslaved. ( see maps 3 and 4 – 220 and 200 BC ) At this point Rome had transformed from one of the major powers in the Mediterranean, to … The region had mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers. The first was the Roman Republic which lasted from 509 BC to 27 BC. The study of ancient Roman government reveals a civilization that cycled through almost every form of government possible from oligarchy to tyrant and emperor. 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