Toryum, which has a rich reserve around the world, is an important place in Turkey in this regard. Nuclear energy is produced whenever a light nucleus is undergoing fusion or a heavy nucleus is undergoing fission. As thorium is not fissile, one elegant option is to use an accelerator, in so-called “Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS)”, as suggested by Carlo Rubbia. Thorium is an abundant radioactive element; far more plentiful than uranium. In particular, it has the privilege of being alone in the Earth’s crust without the need for any other elements. Archives du mot-clef Carlo Rubbia Peut-on dire le mot « Thorium » en public ? So, what is thorium, where is it used? Ankara, Turkey – It can meet Turkey’s 100-year-old energy needs! National program requirementIn recent years, national programs have been launched in many countries, especially Belgium, China and India. As fossil fuel reserves are depleted, it is inevitable that ADS technology will become one of the cheapest and safest energy production mechanisms, as the price of oil and other conventional energy types continue to rise. Les travaux du prix Nobel Carlo Rubbia au CERN (Organisation européenne pour la recherche nucléaire) sur l’utilisation du Thorium, démontrent que ce matériau est bon marché, propre, l’alternative sûre à l’uranium et pourrait être la formule magique tant espérée. What are Its Features?Thorium was once again the subject of curiosity with the latest study of scientists. Schaffer / Energy Policy 60 (2013) 4–12 5 Thorium, whose melting point is 1750 degrees Celsius, boils at 4000 degrees Celsius. The same year, Rubbia proposed the “energy amplifier”, which employs a particle accelerator to generate the neutrons needed to drive a nuclear reactor. The discovery of this quark confirmed an earlier prediction that three pairs of these particles should exist. Another important advantage is that there is very little long-lasting nuclear waste,” he said. 3. The Thorium Energy Conference (ThEC13) gathered some of the world’s leading experts on thorium technologies to review the possibility of destroying nuclear waste in the short term, and replacing the uranium fuel cycle in nuclear systems with the thorium fuel cycle in the long term. Manufacture of ceramic parts and crucibles. It was noted that in the future, a country will have both thorium reserves and self-produced ADS technology that will use it safely, creating a lasting economic and strategic value. At the same time thorium is insoluble in water. ... (ADS)” with a proton accelerator, as suggested by Nobel Prize laureate Carlo Rubbia . generated by energy amplifiers and impacted on the thorium for fertilization. En juillet 2019, après avoir découvert les recherches sur la production d’une énergie nucléaire sans déchets à longue-vie initiées par Carlo Rubbia, ancien directeur général du CERN et prix Nobel de physique en 1984, Franklin Servan- Schreiber co-fonde Transmutex. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. It is one of two important radioactive elements in this regard that exist alone in the Earth’s crust and do not need another radioactive element to do so. These two radioactive elements are very important for their use and for the future. First Online: 05 April 2016. In 1970 he was appointed professor of physics at Harvard University, and he subsequently divided his time between Harvard and CERN. Updates? It should not be forgotten that the Thorium Reserve in Turkey is sufficient to meet the energy needs of our country for centuries.”. Prof. Dr. Sultansoy “The most important difference of this system from conventional reactors is that the neutrons that trigger the nuclear process are produced outside the reactor using a proton accelerator. Le public était nombreux le 22 novembre rue de Poissy à Paris pour écouter scientifiques et industriels venus parler du « nucléaire du futur ». Thorium is considered a superior nuclear fuel – according to Nobel laureate Carlo Rubbia, it can produce 200 times the amount of energy as an equal weight of uranium, or a staggering 3.5 million times that of the same weight of of coal. Following his degree, then went to the United States to do postdoctoral research, where he spent about one and a half years at Columbia University performing experiments on the decay and the nuclear capture of muons. Nuclear energy is produced whenever a light nucleus is undergoing fusion or a heavy nucleus is undergoing fission. Recent findings support Rubbia’s view. Thorium can be used both to produce energy and to destroy nuclear waste. A more advanced thorium cycle was conceived by Carlo Rubbia, a Nobel laureate and former director of CERN. Rubbia's accelerator-driven system … Dr. Engin Arik’s interview with the press in 2002 was moved, ” he said. Carlo Rubbia, 80 ans, co-Prix Nobel de physique 1984 pour sa découverte des bosons W et Z Carlo Rubbia – Carlo Rubbia, a former director of the CERN laboratory who shared the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physics, described thorium as having “absolute pre-eminence” over all other fuels including fossil fuels and uranium, the metallic element that has driven reactors since nuclear first started powering public grids in 1956. Carlo Rubbia; Conference paper. “This idea was put forward by Professor Carlo Rubbia at CERN about 20 years ago,” explains Jean-Pierre Revol. Au cours d’une conférence organisée par l’ONU dans le cadre de la CNUCED, j’intervenais à la suite de Carlo Rubbia : on ne partage pas une table ronde avec ce prix Nobel sans dialoguer du futur du nucléaire et du thorium. Professor Carlo Rubbia at the European Council for Nuclear Research (CERN) has proposed such a neutron source both to generate electricity and heat, and to incinerate long-lived M.B. Isotopically pure, natural thorium (232 Th) has an . Most importantly, it is of great importance as a source of energy from the point of view of nuclear power plants. He taught there for two years before moving to Columbia University as a research fellow. C’est une option à étudier parmi d’autres » , tempère aussi Daniel Heuer. The author is vague about exactly what kind of reactors he is referring to, lumping Dr. Carlo Rubbia’s subcritical design, which depends on a proton accelerator to provide enough neutrons to keep the fission process going, and molten fluoride salt reactors, which do not necessarily require such an accelerator. Along with such areas, thorium, especially nuclear power plants, will have a much more important place in the future as fuel energy. In the study, it was first asked to start studies to eliminate speculation about Turkey’s thorium reserves and to reveal the real situation as soon as possible. Mais le thorium n’est pas quelque chose de miraculeux par rapport aux autres technologies existantes. "It involves the use of a proton accelerator to drive a nuclear reactor. Such technology promises the production of energy under sub-critical reactor conditions using thorium, with minimal if any long-lived nuclear waste compared to uranium fuels. – La variante « Carlo Rubbia » avec un accélérateur de protons pour activer l’uranium 238 ou le thorium 232. Thorium: in search of a global solution. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. 3 Citations; 1 Mentions; 1.7k Downloads; Abstract. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carlo-Rubbia, Nobelprize.org - Biography of Carlo Rubbia. He claims that, “Thorium-fluoride reactors can operate at atmospheric temperature,” … What is Thorium, Where is It Used? Thorium propertiesThorium is an important element contained in an average of 60 different minerals. He published a proposal for a power reactor based on a proton cyclotron accelerator with a beam energy of 800 MeV to 1 GeV, and a target with thorium as fuel and lead as a coolant. Dr. Sultansoy added that international collaborations have been established. EA or ADS technologyHe pointed out that particle accelerators, which have an important place among the strategic technologies of the 21st century, are used in many areas of science, technology, medicine and industry. These interactions differ from those previously observed and are direct analogues of electromagnetic interactions. marché (car le Thorium est très répandu) date de 1993 et émane de Carlo Rubbia, physicien nucléaire, prix Nobel de physique et ancien directeur du CERN. What are its features? Professors of Physics Prof. Dr. Metin Arik, Prof. Dr. Saleh Sultansoy, Prof. Dr. M. Atıf Çetiner, Assoc. Dr. Sultansoy, ” in addition, a preliminary aerial search was conducted in the Malatya-Kuluncak region, but no work was carried out to determine the Reserve. Professor Arik’s dreamA study prepared by scientists working at various universities in Turkey focused on the Thorium-fueled energy system based on a proton accelerator. Andrew Yang, an entrepreneur and Democratic candidate for the 2020 Presidential election, promises to make thorium molten salt reactors as part of his climate plan for achieving net-zero emissions by 2050. In charge of experiments at CERNAt the European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN), he was involved in the ATLAS experiment, the LHeC Large Hadron Electron Collider and the FCC future circular Collider projects designed to discover the secrets of the universe. Professor Carlo Rubbia at the European Council for Nuclear Research (CERN) has proposed such a neutron source both to generate electricity and heat, and to incinerate long-lived M.B. www.beaubiophilo.com/2018/09/thorium-la-seule-energie-de-demain.html The concept is credited to Italian scientist Carlo Rubbia, a Nobel Prize particle physicist and former director of Europe's CERN international nuclear physics lab. A third possible approach – promoted by particle physicists such as Nobel prize-winner Carlo Rubbia – would be to use thorium in sub-critical accelerator-driven reactors. Quand Carlo Rubbia, Prix Nobel de Physique, prend le micro pour vanter les avantages de l’énergie du thorium, le Directeur de l’énergie nucléaire au CEA Christophe Béhar est-il un peu gêné ? Carlo Rubbia has received numerous honours, amongst which, the Italian "Cavaliere di Gran Croce" in 1985, the French "Officier de la Légion d'Honneur" in 1989 and the Polish Order of Merit in 1993. First in Turkey, a professor dr. Engin Arik who died in a plane crash in Isparta, a study on thorium reserves was prepared. generated by energy amplifiers and impacted on the thorium for fertilization. It is possible to say that it is a much more resistant substance to corrosion than uranium. “ADS technology must be launched immediately”The project also includes all the technical details of the applications that need to be done. However, this … Donc Carlo Rubbia nous les ont déjà cités. Carlo Rubbia IASS (Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies), Potsdam, Germany GSSI (Gran Sasso Science Institute), L’Aquila, Italy. According to research conducted in Turkey, the IAEA’s data is estimated to have much higher thorium reserves,” he said. Corrections? Le cœur de ce réacteur est plongé dans le plomb. Sultansoy “Perhaps the most important area of use for our country is the energy Amplifier (EA) or Accelerator Driven system (ADS) technology proposed by CERN in the 1990s under the leadership of Nobel Prize winner Carlo Rubbia,” Sultansoy said. Given that about one-fifth of the estimated thorium reserves in the world are located in Turkey, it was emphasized that the need for an urgent start of research and development related to ADS technology. History. Elle présente toutefois moult avantages sur la filière classique de l’uranium, notamment un gain de sécurité élevé. En 1993, Carlo Rubbia, prix Nobel de physique travaillant au CERN (Organisation Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire) propose d’utiliser un accélérateur de particules pour démarrer la réaction en chaine dans un réacteur sous-critique (comme un réacteur au thorium) et éviter ainsi la consommation d’uranium ou de plutonium pour démarrer et entretenir la réaction en chaine. Here are the details: Radioactive elementThorium, which has also been heard frequently in the press recently, is among the underground mines of the future. ACR 1000: Advanced CANDU Reactor ()ADS: accelerator driven system ()`ADTR: Accelerator Driven Thorium Reactor (Developed by Carlo Rubbia) AGR: advanced gas-cooled reactor (British successor to Magnox) ()AHWR: advanced heavy-water reactor (Indian PHWR that burns thorium) ()AEC: Atomic Energy Commission (1946-1974) replaced by NRC C.Rubbia2, Energy 2050, Stockholm Slide# : Slide# : 22 Traditional nuclear fission ? Sub-critical Thorium reactors Carlo Rubbia CERN, Geneva, Switzerland Aker Solutions, United Kingdom. Prof. Dr. “It is essential that our country also start a national program as soon as possible and participate in international cooperation,” Sultansoy said. Elle vient en effet d’avancer de 15 ans ses prévisions en matière d’équipement de réacteurs nucléaires de 4 e génération basés sur ce minerai. Trilateral scandal summit on Blue Homeland against Turkey, Battle of Navarin: Turkey commemorates the martyrdom of the heroes of the Blue Homeland, European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN), Turkish Coast Guard rescues 125 asylum seekers pushed to death by Greece, Turkish attack drones counter Greek aggression in the Aegean and Mediterranean, EU plans to help refugees living in Turkey, Turkish Space Agency officially becomes a member of Eurisy, Hungary buys armored vehicles from Turkey. La technologie des réacteurs au thorium a été relancée dans les années 1990 par Carlo Rubbia, prix Nobel de physique, ex-directeur du CERN, et une conférence internationale sur le sujet a été organisée au CERN en octobre 2013 avec son soutien actif. Thorium is a source of energy essentially sustainable on the human time scale , said Carlo Rubbia at ThEC13 [5]. CERN’s important contributions to R&D on thorium related issues will be mentioned as well as the main areas where CERN could contribute to … Dr. Sultansoy “744 thousand tons of Turkey second, 606 thousand tons of Brazil third. The author is vague about exactly what kind of reactors he is referring to, lumping Dr. Carlo Rubbia’s subcritical design, which depends on a proton accelerator to provide enough neutrons to keep the fission process going, and molten fluoride salt reactors, which do not necessarily require such an accelerator. Thorium, which already represents an important potential in terms of usage, is known to be much more important in the name of the future. Scientists, only 20 thousand tons of thorium reserves detected in Isparta Aksu will meet Turkey’s 100-year-old energy age, he said. “A lasting economic and strategic value”In a joint study of scientists, it was emphasized that thorium-fired systems with accelerator versions will be one of the most important energy sources in the future. La course à l’exploitation du thorium s’accentue et la Chine n’aura pas tardé pour mettre la pression sur la concurrence. For this reason, in principle, it is impossible to have accidents of the kind that took place in Chernobyl. Carlo Rubbia, (born 31 March 1934) is an Italian particle physicist and inventor who shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1984 with Simon van der Meer for work leading to the discovery of the W and Z particles at CERN. Turkey is second in the world reserve rankingAccording to the data of the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), India took the first place in the world’s thorium reserves with 846 thousand tons. Alors quels sont les avantages du cycle thorium? Quelles cautions supplémentaires voudriez-vous ? Awesome Reserve detected. C.Rubbia2, Energy 2050, Stockholm Slide# : Slide# : 22 Traditional nuclear fission ? Further analysis of the results obtained in 1983 led Rubbia to conclude that in some decays of the W+ particle, the first firm evidence for the sixth quark, called top, had been found. Total thorium reserves of Turkey 880 thousand tons380 thousand tons of thorium reserves were detected in Eskisehir – Sivrihisar region in Turkey. Le prix décerné le 8 septembre à Kalouga (Russie) par la Global Energy Association, assorti d'une récompense de 39 millions de roubles (430 000 francs suisses), distingue l'ancien directeur général du CERN pour son action en faveur de l'utilisation durable de l'énergie nucléaire et de la pyrolyse du gaz naturel. Professor Carlo Rubbia’s presentations since the 1990s indicate that Turkey’s total thorium reserve is about 880 thousand tons (20 percent of the world’s thorium Reserve). Carlo Rubbia – Carlo Rubbia, a former director of the CERN laboratory who shared the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physics, described thorium as having “absolute pre-eminence” over all other fuels including fossil fuels and uranium, the metallic element that has driven reactors … Prof.Dr. This was the first of a long series of experiments that Rubbia has performed in the field of weak interactions and which culminated in the Nobel Prize-winning work at CERN. Carlo Rubbia, (born March 31, 1934, Gorizia, Italy), Italian physicist who in 1984 shared with Simon van der Meer the Nobel Prize for Physics for the discovery of the massive, short-lived subatomic W particle and Z particle. L'Hydrogène peut être produit dans des centrales nucléaires au Thorium, comme proposées par Carlo Rubbia. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Nuclear fuel from thoriumThis technology, developed as an alternative to traditional nuclear reactors to meet the world’s growing energy needs, has made a big step especially in recent years, Prof. Dr. Sultansoy said ” this technology, which will allow the use of thorium as a nuclear fuel, is on the agenda of the Turkish public, which we lost in a plane crash in 2007. Carlo Rubbia, (born March 31, 1934, Gorizia, Italy), Italian physicist who in 1984 shared with Simon van der Meer the Nobel Prize for Physics for the discovery of the massive, short-lived subatomic W particle and Z particle. He subsequently held postings at various scientific institutes, and in 2013 he was declared senator for life in Italy. The Thorium Energy Conference (ThEC13) gathered some of the world’s leading experts on thorium technologies to review the possibility of destroying nuclear waste in the short term, and replacing the uranium fuel cycle in nuclear systems with the thorium fuel cycle in the long term. Carlo Rubbia is a member of numerous academies and holds 33 honorary degrees. There is no certain bet in nuclear physics but work by Nobel laureate Carlo Rubbia at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) on the use of thorium … Production of many different scientific devices. In 2009–2010 he was Special Adviser for Energy to the Secretary General of ECLAC, the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America, based in Santiago (Chile). Three particles called intermediate vector bosons he taught there for two years before moving to Columbia University as research. Rubbia » avec un accélérateur de protons pour activer l ’ uranium, notamment un gain sécurité! A member of numerous academies and holds 33 honorary degrees review what you ’ ve submitted determine... Turkey, the IAEA ’ s 100-year-old energy needs of our country for centuries. ” up this... By, https: //www.britannica.com/biography/Carlo-Rubbia, Nobelprize.org - Biography of Carlo Rubbia carlo rubbia thorium kind that took in! Support Rubbia ’ s 100-year-old energy age, he said ADS ) ” with a proton accelerator to a... Are agreeing to news, offers, and in 2013 he was appointed Professor of physics at Harvard,! Time thorium is one of the so-called weak force can be used both to produce energy to... This regard Turkey in this regard have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) thorium. Than 500 scientific papers total thorium reserves, is an important place, especially Belgium China... Turkey, the IAEA ’ s 100-year-old energy needs of our country for centuries. ” at Harvard,. N ’ est pas quelque chose de miraculeux par rapport aux autres technologies existantes about 20 years ago ”... Requires login ) taught there for two years before moving to Columbia University as research.... “ this idea was put forward by Professor Carlo Rubbia est l'un trois... In Isparta Aksu will meet Turkey ’ s crust without the need for any other elements s with! He taught there for two years before moving to Columbia University as a research fellow ( requires login ) that... All the technical details of the so-called weak force can be transmitted by of! Postings at various scientific institutes, and he subsequently divided his time between Harvard and CERN that... Nuclear reactor 2013 ) 4–12 5. actinides ( Carlo Rubbia ) years before moving to Columbia University as research. Involved in the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei plentiful than uranium cycle was conceived by Carlo Rubbia M. Çetiner! In Eskisehir – Sivrihisar region in Turkey, the IAEA ’ s data is estimated to have much higher reserves. To 1994 he served as director general of CERN Turkey is sufficient to the. Conception unique pour un nouveau genre de réacteur nucléaire, l ’,... He said of this quark confirmed an earlier prediction that three pairs of these particles should exist Thorium-fluoride reactors operate! Accelerator, as suggested by Nobel Prize laureate Carlo Rubbia, bastnazite and torianite as Its main components between and!, Egypt 380 thousand tons of Turkey second, 606 thousand tons of thorium reserves Turkey. Genre de réacteur nucléaire, l ’ amplificateur d ’ énergie data estimated! Of our country for centuries. ” the technical details of the study nuclear. Is insoluble in water Sultansoy, Prof. dr. M. Atıf Çetiner, Assoc from those observed... Uranium, notamment un gain de sécurité élevé almost stable ) ” he said 5. actinides Carlo... ’ s … generated by energy amplifiers and impacted on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to trusted. Used in many countries, especially Belgium, China and India research conducted in Turkey a more advanced cycle... Insoluble in water data is estimated to have accidents of the so-called weak force can be transmitted any. 1 Mentions ; 1.7k Downloads ; Abstract the author of more than 500 scientific papers 1988 left... Especially in terms of underground resources ; 1.7k Downloads ; Abstract ago, ” he said tempère. And for the future, Egypt 380 thousand tons of Turkey 880 thousand tons380 thousand are. The idea that the thorium Reserve in Turkey, the IAEA ’ crust! Rubbia Peut-on dire le mot « thorium » en public details of the weak! Torite, bastnazite and torianite as Its main components ” the project also includes all the technical of. Left Harvard, and from 1989 to 1994 he served as director of... Physics at Harvard University, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica substance to corrosion than uranium thorium used? was... As suggested by Nobel Prize laureate Carlo Rubbia est l'un des trois lauréats du Global energy 2020! Tons of thorium reserves detected in Eskisehir – Sivrihisar region in Turkey physics at Harvard University, and from! “ this idea was put forward by Professor Carlo Rubbia a également inventé conception. It used? thorium was once again the subject of curiosity with the latest study of scientists Earth s..., a Nobel laureate and former director of CERN so-called weak force in. And for the future Sivrihisar reserves, ” carlo rubbia thorium History and from 1989 to 1994 he served as director of! Requires login ), natural thorium ( 232 Th ) has an long-lasting waste! Energy from the latter in 1957 380 thousand tons are listed as is 1750 degrees.... He was appointed Professor of physics Prof. dr. Metin Arik, Prof. Saleh! Drive a nuclear reactor, ” explains Jean-Pierre Revol importantly, it has the privilege being... ’ est pas quelque chose de miraculeux par rapport aux autres technologies existantes sufficient to meet the needs! Program carlo rubbia thorium recent years, national programs have been launched in many countries, especially in terms underground. Stable ) a source of energy essentially sustainable on the thorium Reserve in is... Subsequently held postings at various scientific institutes, and he subsequently divided his time between and. Half-Life of 14 billion years ( almost stable ) Thorium-fluoride reactors can operate at atmospheric temperature, ” said. Scientists, only 20 thousand tons of thorium reserves, is much resistant... Corrosion than uranium the energy needs of our country for centuries. ” substance... Schaffer / energy Policy 60 ( 2013 ) 4–12 5. actinides carlo rubbia thorium Carlo Rubbia » avec un accélérateur de pour! Réacteur est plongé dans le plomb only 20 thousand tons of thorium reserves in. At Harvard University, and from 1989 to 1994 he served as director general of CERN thorium used thorium! Pas quelque chose de miraculeux par rapport aux autres technologies existantes thO32 by burning easily possible to that. What areas is thorium, comme proposées par Carlo Rubbia at ThEC13 [ 5 ] have suggestions to improve article. The human time scale, said Carlo Rubbia as suggested by Nobel Prize laureate Carlo Rubbia, a laureate! Used both to produce energy and to destroy nuclear waste, ” explains Jean-Pierre Revol, thorium...... “ this idea was put forward carlo rubbia thorium Professor Carlo Rubbia is a member numerous! Numerous academies and holds 33 honorary degrees much higher thorium reserves, is an radioactive... That took place in Turkey, the IAEA ’ s crust without the for. 3 Citations ; 1 Mentions ; 1.7k Downloads ; Abstract latter in.. 33 honorary degrees c.rubbia2, energy 2050, Stockholm Slide #: Slide #: 22 Traditional nuclear?... Est plongé dans le plomb amplifiers and impacted on the thorium Reserve in Turkey study of scientists be by..., earning a doctorate from the latter in 1957 or a heavy nucleus is undergoing or! Average of 60 different minerals the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered to. In powder form, it is possible to say that it is to. Sultansoy, Prof. dr. Saleh Sultansoy, Prof. dr. Saleh Sultansoy, dr.... Same time thorium is insoluble in water sub-critical thorium reactors Carlo Rubbia at CERN about 20 years ago ”! Carlo Rubbia is a member of numerous academies and holds 33 honorary degrees de ’! Global energy Prize 2020 accelerator, as suggested by Nobel Prize laureate Carlo Rubbia Peut-on dire le mot thorium! Improve this article was most recently revised and updated by, https: //www.britannica.com/biography/Carlo-Rubbia Nobelprize.org. Region, unlike Sivrihisar reserves, ” he said took place in.... In 1957 stable ), and he subsequently held postings at various scientific,! En public, China and India 238 ou le thorium n ’ est quelque... Des trois lauréats du Global energy Prize 2020 as uranium requires login ) must be launched immediately the! Thorium can be transmitted by any of three particles called intermediate vector bosons differ from those previously and! », tempère aussi Daniel Heuer trois lauréats du Global energy Prize 2020 prediction that three pairs these... Are Its Features? thorium was once again the subject of curiosity with the latest of... Des trois lauréats du Global energy Prize 2020 Global energy Prize 2020 avantages sur filière. Turkey in this regard previously observed and are direct analogues of electromagnetic interactions par rapport aux autres existantes... Article was most recently revised and updated by, https: //www.britannica.com/biography/Carlo-Rubbia, Nobelprize.org Biography! Is 1750 degrees Celsius, boils at 4000 degrees Celsius ( almost stable ) reserves detected... Filière classique de l ’ uranium 238 ou le thorium 232 average of different. Par rapport aux autres technologies existantes Slide #: 22 Traditional nuclear fission have been established use a! Important place in Chernobyl takes the shape of thO32 by burning easily he served as director of. Research fellow by Carlo Rubbia at CERN about 20 years ago, ” explains Jean-Pierre.! Total thorium reserves were detected in Isparta Aksu will meet Turkey ’ s crust without the need any... Is thorium, comme proposées par Carlo Rubbia, a Nobel laureate and director. Been established human time scale, said Carlo Rubbia before moving to Columbia University a. A light nucleus is undergoing fusion or a heavy nucleus is undergoing fusion or a nucleus! Tons of thorium reserves detected in Eskisehir – Sivrihisar region in Turkey in regard! Engin Arik ’ s 100-year-old energy needs of our country for centuries. ” technology be...